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The name Quarles is indeed taken from Quarles in Norfolk, which was granted to Turstin Filius Widonis (Thurstan FitGuy) who held Quarles manor, amongst other Norfolk properties, in 1086. It is probably his descendants which assumed the name de Quarles. The name is first mentioned as Hueruerles, but the French not being able to pronounce the hard saxon 'H' (sounding like the 'ch' in loch) converted it to Guerveles, Querveles, Querles, then Quarles. Quarles probably never quite reached the status of village, although it did have a church which was derelict by the 1500's. It is now a farm and hamlet on the Holkham Estate.
The first mention of the Quarles name which I have discovered is in 1216 - that of Robert, son of Ralph Quarles who held one half fee of the Creke family (also probably descended from Thurstan FitzGuy) Source is Blomefield. County of Norfolk, 1805. p.247.
There are references on the IGI to a John and Simon Quarles about 1190, but I have not yet discovered a reliable source for them.
The Quarles family left Quarles about mid 1300's about the time of the Black Death and moved 15 miles further west to the Holt/Gresham area where they held land in the 1400's. This is where known records appear of John Quarles and Amy Plumstead. John's parents are mentioned in one of the Paston letters written in 1450.
Some members of the family lived in London and were merchants, some of them making a considerable amount of money for the time and intermarrying with gentry.
Interestingly, most male members of both the Ufford and London families attended Cambridge University in the 1500s and 1600s where the parents could afford the expense.
The move to Ufford, Northamptonshire was probably owing to the marriage of Margery Quarles to Sir Robert Wingfield.
Francis Quarles, Margery Quarles' nephew, bought Downhall Manor in Ufford in 1555, but it is likely that prior to this, they may have leased Torpel Manor (Ufford) property from the Wingfields who took a lease there in 1544, and who later lived in Upton, Northants. Alternatively they may have leased Downhall Manor from the Molesworth family prior to purchase.(Ref. Victoria County History of Northamptonshire)
The Quarles who left for America were from Northamptonshire and London families and some are named on the Second Virginia Charter.
Hope this helps explain the sequence of events.
Best Wishes
Rosie Bevan
Wellington
New Zealand
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